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Evidence section

Emerging weight-management medicines

Reviewed and signedLast updated 2026-09-18Reviewed by two pharmacists registered in British Columbia, 2026-09-18

Two pharmacists registered and practising in British Columbia read this page against the study pages and papers it lists and signed it. Their names are withheld from the site and held on file; their registration is confirmed on request.

These medicines are not approved in Canada as of September 2026. The pages in this hub explain the published trials so readers can understand news coverage, not so anyone can obtain the medicines. Results from early-phase trials often change in later, larger trials. Each page says which phase the trial was and what remains unknown.

Studies in this section (13)

CagriSema in type 2 diabetes: a small 32-week phase 2 trial

A 92-person phase 2 trial of CagriSema, not approved in Canada, in type 2 diabetes: HbA1c fell 2.2 points and weight fell 15.6% over 32 weeks.

2023Reviewed and signed

Orforglipron phase 2: a daily GLP-1 pill for weight loss

A 2023 phase 2 trial of orforglipron, an oral GLP-1 pill not approved in Canada, reported 9.4% to 14.7% weight loss at 36 weeks versus 2.3% with placebo.

2023Reviewed and signed

Retatrutide in type 2 diabetes: a 36-week phase 2 trial

A 281-person phase 2 trial of retatrutide, not approved in Canada, in type 2 diabetes: weight fell 16.94% at 12 mg over 36 weeks versus 3.00% on placebo.

2023Reviewed and signed

Retatrutide phase 2: weight change over 48 weeks in adults

A 48-week phase 2 trial of retatrutide, not approved in Canada, reported average weight change of -24.2% at 12 mg versus -2.1% with placebo.

2023Reviewed and signed

Retatrutide and liver fat: a substudy in fatty liver disease

In a 98-person substudy, retatrutide, not approved in Canada, cut liver fat by 42.9% to 82.4% at 24 weeks versus a 0.3% rise with placebo.

2024Reviewed and signed

ACHIEVE-1: the orforglipron pill in early type 2 diabetes

ACHIEVE-1 tested the orforglipron pill, not approved in Canada, in 559 adults with early type 2 diabetes: HbA1c fell up to 1.48 points over 40 weeks.

2025Reviewed and signed

ATTAIN-1: the orforglipron pill for weight loss over 72 weeks

ATTAIN-1, a 3127-person trial of the orforglipron pill, not approved in Canada, reported 72-week weight change of -11.2% at 36 mg versus -2.1% on placebo.

2025Reviewed and signed

REDEFINE 1: CagriSema for weight loss over 68 weeks

REDEFINE 1, a 3417-person trial of CagriSema, not approved in Canada, reported 68-week weight change of -20.4% versus -3.0% with placebo.

2025Reviewed and signed

REDEFINE 2: CagriSema in adults with type 2 diabetes

REDEFINE 2 tested CagriSema, not approved in Canada, in 1206 adults with type 2 diabetes: 68-week weight change was -13.7% versus -3.4% with placebo.

2025Reviewed and signed

Retatrutide and body fat: a DXA substudy in type 2 diabetes

A DXA substudy of retatrutide, not approved in Canada, in type 2 diabetes: body fat fell 26.1% at 8 mg versus 4.5% with placebo over 36 weeks.

2025Reviewed and signed

ACHIEVE-3: orforglipron versus oral semaglutide in diabetes

ACHIEVE-3 compared orforglipron, not approved in Canada, with oral semaglutide in 1698 adults with type 2 diabetes: lower HbA1c, more side effects.

2026Reviewed and signed

REDEFINE 5: CagriSema versus semaglutide in Japan and Taiwan

REDEFINE 5 compared CagriSema, not approved in Canada, with semaglutide in 331 adults in Japan and Taiwan: 68-week weight change -18.4% versus -11.9%.

2026Reviewed and signed

TRANSCEND-T2D-1: retatrutide alone in early type 2 diabetes

TRANSCEND-T2D-1 tested retatrutide, not approved in Canada, in 537 adults with early type 2 diabetes: HbA1c fell up to 1.94 points, weight up to 15.3%.

2026Reviewed and signed

Other evidence sections

Semaglutide studies explainedTirzepatide studies explainedLiraglutide, naltrexone-bupropion and orlistat studiesSetmelanotide and rare genetic obesityWhat happens when weight-management medicines are stoppedLifestyle programs, dietitians and diabetes preventionBariatric surgery studiesSide effects and safety studiesGLP-1 medicines and pregnancyHow people use GLP-1 medicines outside trialsCanadian guidelines and cost studiesEating disorders and behavioural weight management

How to read these pages

Every page in this section explains one published study. The numbers are reported as the researchers published them, with a link to the paper on PubMed. Pages say what a study cannot tell you and never rank one medicine against another. They are education, not medical advice. For how a medicine is used and paid for in Canada, see medicines, public drug coverage by province and compare services.

Reviewed and signed by two pharmacists registered in British Columbia, 2026-09-18.